India has 28 states.

Apart from that, the India is comprised of 7 Union Territories as well.

Population of the states along with area and languages of the nations/states are as follows:

1. Uttar Pradesh - Lucknow
243, 286 sq. km
199, 581, 477
Hindi and Urdu

2. Maharashtra - Mumbai
307, 713 sq. km
112, 372, 972
Marathi

3. Bihar - Patna
99, 200 sq. km
103, 804, 637
Hindi, Bhojpuri, Magadhi and Maithili

4. West Bengal - Kolkata
88, 752 sq. km
91, 347, 736
Bengali, Nepali, Santali and Urdu

5. Andhra Pradesh - Hyderabad
2,75,069 sq. km
84, 665, 533
Telugu and Urdu

6. Madhya Pradesh - Bhopal
308, 252 sq. km
72, 597, 565
Hindi

7. Tamil Nadu - Chennai
130, 058 sq. km
72, 138, 958
Tamil

8. Rajasthan - Jaipur
342, 269 sq. km
68, 621, 012
Rajasthani

9. Karnataka - Bengaluru
191, 791 sq. km
61, 130, 704
Kannada

10. Gujarat - Gandhinagar
196, 024 sq. km
60, 383, 628
Gujarati

11. Orissa - Bhubaneshwar
155, 820 sq. km
41, 947, 358
Oriya

12. Kerala - Thiruvananthapuram
38, 863 sq. km
33, 387, 677
Malayalam

13. Jharkhand - Ranchi
74, 677 sq. km
32, 966, 238
Hindi

14. Assam - Dispur
78, 550 sq. km
31, 169, 272
Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Deori and Rabha dialect

15. Punjab - Chandigarh
50, 362 sq. km
27, 704, 236
Punjabi

16. Chhattisgarh - Raipur
135, 194 sq. km
25, 540, 196
Chattisgarhi and Hindi

17. Haryana - Chandigarh
44, 212 sq. km
25, 353, 081
Punjabi and Haryanvi or Western Hindi

18. Jammu and Kashmir - Srinagar in summer & Jammu in winter
222, 236 sq. km
12, 548, 926
Kashmiri and Punjabi (Dogri dialect)

19. Uttarakhand - Dehradun
53, 566 sq. km
10, 116, 752
Western Hindi

20. Himachal Pradesh - Shimla
55, 673 sq. km
6, 856, 509
Punjabi (Pahari dialect)

21. Tripura - Agartala
10, 491.69 sq. km
3, 671, 032
Bengali

22. Meghalaya - Shillong
22, 720 sq. km
2, 964, 007
Khasi and Pnar

23. Manipur - Imphal
22, 347 sq. km
2, 721, 756
Manipuri

24. Nagaland - Kohima
16, 579 sq. km
1, 980, 602
Angami, Ao, Chang, Chakhesang, Sema and Konyak

25. Goa - Panaji
3, 702 sq. km
1, 457, 723
Konkani and Marathi

26. Arunachal Pradesh - Itanagar
83, 743 sq. km
1, 097, 968
Adi, Aka, Apatani, Digaru – Mismi, Hill Miri, Idu – Mishmi, Khamti, Miji, Miju – Mishmi, Monpa, Nocte, Nyishi, Sherdukpen, Tagin, Tangsa and Wancho

27. Mizoram - Aizawl
21, 081 sq. km
1, 091, 014
Mizo

28. Sikkim - Gangtok
7, 096 sq. km
607, 688
Nepali